The last strophe of the muwashshaḥ was the markaz, or theme stanza, popularly called the kharjah and transcribed in Spanish as jarcha. The earliest texts in Mozarabic (the Romance dialect of Spaniards living under the Muslims) were recovered from Hebrew and from Arabic muwashshaḥs (poems in strophic form, with subjects such as panegyrics on love). Tenth-century glosses to Latin texts in manuscripts belonging to the monasteries of San Millán de la Cogolla and Silos, in north-central Spain, contain traces of a vernacular already substantially developed. Castilian literature Medieval period The origins of vernacular writingīy 711, when the Muslim invasion of the Iberian Peninsula began, Latin spoken there had begun its transformation into Romance. The literature of the former Spanish colonies in the Americas is treated separately under Latin American literature. Later, the writings of Spanish Muslims and Jews formed important branches of Arabic literature and Hebrew literature. For works written in Latin during this period, see Latin literature: Ancient Latin literature. Women were also writing in Spain during the Roman period: Serena, believed to have been a poet Pola Argentaria, the wife of Lucan, whom she is thought to have assisted in writing his Pharsalia and the poet and Stoic philosopher Teofila. Lucan, Martial, Quintilian, and Prudentius, as well as Seneca the Younger and Seneca the Elder, are among writers in Latin who lived in, or were born in, Spain before the modern Romance languages emerged. This article provides a brief historical account of each of these three literatures and examines the emergence of major genres.Īlthough literature in the vernacular was not written until the medieval period, Spain had previously made significant contributions to literature. Such works fall into three major language divisions: Castilian, Catalan, and Galician. Spanish literature, the body of literary works produced in Spain. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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